2P07- Done By Lek Hong, Stanley Yuan and Choy Yu Yong

Practical 7

Observations

	Sodium Hydroxide + Ammonium Chloride	Calcium Hydroxide + Ammonium Nitrate
Colour of gas	Colourless	Colourless
Odour of gas	Pungent	Pungent
Effect of gas on damp (RED Litmus paper)	Turns from red to BLUE	Turns from red to BLUE
(BLUE Litmus paper)	Remains BLUE	Remains BLUE
Name of Gas formed	Ammonia Gas	Ammonia Gas

Conclusion

1.       Alkali reacts with ammonium salt to produce metallic salt + water

2.       Alkali + Ammonium Salt =  Metallic Salts + Water + Ammonia Gas

3.       Without heating the mixture, the process of combining would be too slow for the ammonia gas to be captured with the litmus paper.

4.       Ammonia gas is an alkali.

5.       In order to test the acidity of a gas, the litmus paper must be damp or there would not be any visible reaction.

6.       Mix it with hydroxide. If it is ammonium gas, it will produce H₂O + salt + ammonia. (Red litmus paper will turn blue).

7.       When mixed, ammonia gas is formed (NH₃), so the nitrogen element which is needed for protein-making in plants, is lost in the atmosphere.

Exercise

1(a) Sodium Hydroxide + Ammonium Chloride -> Sodium Chloride + Ammonia(g) + Water

(b) NaOH + NH₄Cl -> NaCl+NH₃(g) +H₂O

2(a) Sodium Hydroxide + Ammonium Sulfate -> Sodium Sulfate + Ammonia(g) + Water

(b) 2NaOH + (NH₄)₂SO₄(aq) → Na₂SO₄(aq) + 2NH₃ + 2H₂O

3(a) Sodium Hydroxide + Ammonium Nitrate -> Sodium Nitrate + Ammonia(g) + Water

(b) NaOH + NH₄NO₃ -> NaNO₃ + NH₃ + H₂O

4(a) Calcium Hydroxide + Ammonium Chloride -> Calcium Chloride + Ammonia(g) + Water

(b) Ca(OH)₂(aq) + 2NH₄Cl -> CaCl₂+ 2NH₃(g) + 2H₂O

5(a) Calcium Hydroxide + Ammonium Sulfate -> Calcium Sulphate + Ammonia + Water

(b) Ca(OH)₂ + (NH₄)₂SO₄ -> CaSO₄ + 2NH₃(g) + 2H₂O

6(a) Calcium Hydroxide + Ammonium Nitrate -> Nothing Will Happen